Home
Back
Water Density Equation:
| From: | To: |
The water density calculation determines the mass per unit volume of water at a specific temperature. Water reaches its maximum density at approximately 4°C, and this calculator uses the empirical formula to estimate density at different temperatures.
The calculator uses the water density equation:
Where:
Explanation: The equation models how water density changes with temperature, reaching maximum density at 4°C and decreasing as temperature moves away from this point in either direction.
Details: Accurate water density calculation is essential for various scientific, engineering, and industrial applications including fluid dynamics, chemical processing, environmental studies, and laboratory measurements where precise density values are required.
Tips: Enter the water temperature in degrees Celsius. The calculator will compute the corresponding density value in grams per cubic centimeter.
Q1: Why does water have maximum density at 4°C?
A: Water molecules form a tetrahedral structure that allows for optimal packing at 4°C, resulting in the highest density before ice formation begins.
Q2: How accurate is this density formula?
A: This empirical formula provides a good approximation for most practical purposes, though for highly precise applications, more complex equations or experimental measurements may be needed.
Q3: Does pressure affect water density?
A: Yes, water density increases with pressure, but this formula assumes standard atmospheric pressure conditions.
Q4: What is the density of ice compared to liquid water?
A: Ice has a lower density (about 0.917 g/cm³) than liquid water, which is why ice floats on water.
Q5: Can this formula be used for saline water?
A: No, this formula is specifically for pure water. Saltwater has higher density due to dissolved salts and requires different calculations.